Ultracool Dwarfs with Spitzer IR Spectrograph. I.

DOI

We present Spitzer IRS 5-14{mu}m spectra and 16{mu}m and 22{mu}m photometry of the T2.5 companion to the ~300Myr old G0V star HN Peg. We incorporate previous 0.8-5{mu}m observations to obtain the most comprehensive spectral energy distribution (SED) of an intermediate-gravity L/T-transition dwarf that, together with an accurate Gaia EDR3 parallax of the primary, enables us to derive precise fundamental parameters. We find that young (~0.1-0.3Gyr) early-T dwarfs on average have ~140K lower effective temperatures, ~20% larger radii, and similar bolometric luminosities compared to >~1Gyr old field dwarfs with similar spectral types. Our accurate infrared spectrophotometry offers new detail at wavelengths where the dominant carbon-bearing molecules have their strongest transitions: at 3.4{mu}m for methane and at 4.6{mu}m for carbon monoxide. We assess the performance of various widely available photospheric models and find that models with condensates and/or clouds better reproduce the full SED of this moderately young early-T dwarf. However, cloud-free models incorporating a more general convective instability treatment reproduce at least the low-resolution near-infrared spectrum similarly well. Our analysis of R~2300 J-band spectra shows that the near-infrared potassium absorption lines in HN Peg B have similar strengths to those seen in both younger and older T2-T3 dwarfs. We conclude that while alkali lines are well established as surface gravity indicators for L-type or warmer stars, they are insensitive to surface gravity in early-T dwarfs.

Identifier
DOI http://doi.org/10.26093/cds/vizier.19200099
Source https://dc.g-vo.org/rr/q/lp/custom/CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/920/99
Related Identifier https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/920/99
Related Identifier http://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/920/99
Metadata Access http://dc.g-vo.org/rr/q/pmh/pubreg.xml?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_b2find&identifier=ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/920/99
Provenance
Creator Suarez G.,Metchev S.,Leggett S.K.,Saumon D.,Marley M.S.
Publisher CDS
Publication Year 2023
Rights https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.html
OpenAccess true
Contact CDS support team <cds-question(at)unistra.fr>
Representation
Resource Type Dataset; AstroObjects
Discipline Astrophysics and Astronomy; Interdisciplinary Astronomy; Natural Sciences; Observational Astronomy; Physics; Stellar Astronomy