We will investigate bulk and nano size ceria and zinc oxide prepared by solvothermal methods to determine the defect chemistry associated with these solids. We will use neutron scattering methods to determine the structure through pair-distribution function analysis. We will also examine these materials by high-energy X-ray diffraction and these results will be combined with that of the neutron data to obtain a more specific structural model. The key objective is to use pair distribution function analysis method to determine the nature of defects present in nano sized ceria and zinc oxide material.