This collection contains the EEG and behavioural data relating to the article by Manning et al. published in 'Journal of Neuroscience': 'Visual motion and decision-making in dyslexia: Reduced accumulation of sensory evidence and related neural dynamics'. Children with and without dyslexia differ in their behavioural responses to visual information, particularly when required to pool dynamic signals over space and time. Importantly, multiple processes contribute to behavioural responses. Here we investigated which processing stages are affected in children with dyslexia when performing visual motion processing tasks, by combining two methods that are sensitive to the dynamic processes leading to responses. We used a diffusion model which decomposes response time and accuracy into distinct cognitive constructs, and high-density EEG. 50 children with dyslexia (24 male) and 50 typically developing children (28 male) aged 6 to 14 years judged the direction of motion as quickly and accurately as possible in two global motion tasks (motion coherence and direction integration), which varied in their requirements for noise exclusion. Following our pre-registered analyses, we fitted hierarchical Bayesian diffusion models to the data, blinded to group membership. Unblinding revealed reduced evidence accumulation in children with dyslexia compared to typical children for both tasks. Additionally, we identified a response-locked EEG component which was maximal over centro-parietal electrodes which indicated a neural correlate of reduced drift-rate in dyslexia in the motion coherence task, thereby linking brain and behaviour. We suggest that children with dyslexia tend to be slower to extract sensory evidence from global motion displays, regardless of whether noise exclusion is required, thus furthering our understanding of atypical perceptual decision-making processes in dyslexia.

The sample included 50 children with a dyslexia diagnosis, aged 6 to 14 years (see Table 1 for demographic information) and 50 typically developing children selected from a larger group of 60 to best match the children with dyslexia in age and performance IQ. Participants were recruited from local schools, community contacts and invitations to families who participated in previous studies. Two experimental tasks were presented on a computer using MATLAB: a direction integration task and a motion coherence task. In both tasks, children were asked to judge the direction of motion as quickly and accurately as possible. EEG data were collected with a 128-electrode Hydrocel Geodesic Sensor Net connected to Net Amps 300 (Electrical Geodesics Inc., OR, USA), using NetStation 4.5 software. A photodiode attached to the monitor independently checked the timing of stimulus presentation. Children made their responses using a Cedrus RB-540 response box (Cedrus, CA, USA). For further details, please see the published manuscript.