This dataset includes all the pollen count data already published from Holocene sedimentary records of alpine wetlands in Sierra Nevada (southern Spain). These sedimentary records come from 6 sites at different elevations, ranging from 2497 to 3020 masl: Laguna de la Mula (shallow lake, 2497 masl), Laguna Hondera (shallow lake, 2899 masl), Borreguil de la Virgen (bog, 2945 masl), Laguna de Río Seco (lake, 3020 masl), Laguna de la Mosca (lake, 2889 masl) and Borreguil de la Caldera (bog, 2992 masl). The studied pollen records registered vegetation changes related with climate variability (i.e., temperature and precipitation) during the Holocene and anthropogenic activity, such as deforestation, burning or cultivation.