As a largely glacier-free zone throughout the entire Middle Palaeolithic, Southern Germany has often been discussed as a key area for Neanderthal migration. In this study, the settlement patterns of the Southern German Middle Palaeolithic were investigated via Weighted Layer Analysis, resulting in key insights about the prognostic qualities of topographic variables like elevation, slope, aspect, distance to river and outgoing visibility, as well as two predictive maps for cave and open-air sites. Comparing the high probability zones for both site types, their possible interplay in Southern Germany and the special role of the infrastructure of the Franconian Swabian Jura for Neanderthal migration in Europe are discussed.