This proposed work is aimed at investigating self-linking behaviour of smectite clays in aqueous suspension. The mechanism of the interaction could be understood by applying VESUVIO spectrometer at ISIS to investigate gelling behaviour of clays in aqueous suspensions. Understanding of this behaviour is concerned directly with several cutting edge material developments including ultra-light weight thermal resistant materials, completely fire resistant and thermal insulation materials, new generation reinforcement materials to achieve high strength, stiffness and toughness in one material system and high efficient dielectric material. Advances of research in these areas will have significant impact on the development of better future aerospace products, safe and energy efficient building, desirable bio-implant components and new generation power generation and transport devices.