An expanded record of proxy data in the uppermost Permian Changxing Fm. in the Meishan C section

DOI

The end-Permian mass extinction (EPME) is the severest mass extinction event in the Phanerozoic eon. According to the general hypothesis, the mass extinction was caused mainly by the concurrent emplacement of the Siberian Traps Large Igneous Province. However, given that Siberian Traps eruptions are thought to have lasted for at least 900 kyr, it is still unclear what caused the much shorter episodes of 60±48 kyr mass extinction. Detailed, high-resolution (mm-scale or higher) investigations of tracers for volcanic activity and ecosystem collapse are thus needed to clarify their causal relation. In order to overcome this issue, we applied submillimeter-resolution Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI) of organic compounds on sedimentary rocks deposited spanning the EPME. We rely on sedimentary rock pieces of 20 cm length of the uppermost Permian Changxing Fm sampled from the Meishan C section (31°4'36.74''N, 119°41'52.80''E), south China. MSI analysis was conducted using a 7T solarix XR Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometer (FT-ICR-MS) equipped with a Smartbeam II laser. In addition, we paired MSI analysis with records of elemental composition at submillimeter resolution obtained by micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (micro-XRF) to provide insight into the contribution of clastic material and provenance as well as redox conditions. The dataset presents depth, a relative abundance of 4- to 7-ringed polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and C2-dibenzofuran, and the ratio of 7-ringed vs. 5-ringed PAHs (PAH 7/5), counts values of aluminum, sulfur, and iron. Moreover, we provide an abundance of 4- to 7-ringed PAH and C2-dibenzofuran, the PAHs 7/5, and βα/(βα +αβ) ratios for C30 hopane isomers for seven samples in cm resolution by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Identifier
DOI https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.952297
Related Identifier IsSupplementTo https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-37717-0
Metadata Access https://ws.pangaea.de/oai/provider?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=datacite4&identifier=oai:pangaea.de:doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.952297
Provenance
Creator Saito, Ryosuke ORCID logo; Wörmer, Lars ORCID logo; Taubner, Heidi; Kaiho, Kunio ORCID logo; Takahashi, Satoshi; Tian, Li ORCID logo; Ikeda, Masayuki ORCID logo; Summons, Roger E ORCID logo; Hinrichs, Kai-Uwe ORCID logo
Publisher PANGAEA
Publication Year 2022
Funding Reference European Research Council https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000781 Crossref Funder ID 670115 Zooming into paleoenvironmental and biogeochemical processes through molecular imaging of biomarker distributions in sediments; Japan Science and Technology Agency https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002241 Crossref Funder ID JPMJPR19G5 JST PRESTO; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001691 Crossref Funder ID 25247084 ; Simons Foundation https://doi.org/10.13039/100000893 Crossref Funder ID 290361FY18 Simons Foundation Collaboration on the Origins of Life
Rights Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
OpenAccess true
Representation
Resource Type Bundled Publication of Datasets; Collection
Format application/zip
Size 3 datasets
Discipline Earth System Research
Spatial Coverage (119.698 LON, 31.077 LAT)