This dataset gathers the data published as figures in the scientific article "Impact of overflow vs. limitation of propionic acid on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) biosynthesis", Process Biochemistry, 2023, i.e. (1) FIGURE 1 -Time course of a biomass production phase (Cupriavidus necator) with glucose as carbon and energy source until double carbon and phosphorus depletion, (2) FIGURE 2 - Time course of P(3HB-co-3HV) biosynthesis from Cupriavidus necator during exploratory experiment FB1 performed with stepwise increases in propionic acid feeding (45 h to 56 h) and sequential feeding (from 56 h), (3) FIGURE 3 - Time course of P(3HB-co-3HV) biosynthesis from Cupriavidus necator during experiments FB2 (A and B) and FB3 (C and D) performed with continuous limiting propionic acid feeding, (4) FIGURE 4 - DSC thermograms (first heating ramp) of P(3HB-co-3HV) copolymers recovered from C-overflow exploratory experiment FB1, and from C-limiting experiments FB2 and FB3, and additional informations linked with Table 2 i.e. (5) NMR Data Processing and (6) SEC-MALS Data