Because of the multi-stepped pathways of sediment comprising the foreland fold-thrust belt (FFTB), detrital quartz grains that recycle from the FFTB sources contain cosmogenic radionuclides (CRN), such as 10^Be and 26^Al, accumulated during previous exposure, resulting in inheritance and, hence, anomalously low erosion rates. This inhibits the straightforward use of 10^Be as tracers for modern erosion rates and sediment discharge from the FFTB, prevalent at the external edges of collisional orogens such as the Himalaya. We present a novel approach for quantifying the erosion rates of FFTB by comparing measured and modeled CRN concentrations in fluvial sediments. We apply this approach to the Mohand Range, an emergent fault-related fold in the frontal part of the northwestern Himalaya (see the location map below). The 10^Be and 26^Al datasets presented here were used to calibrate our model, which we used to quantify the erosion rates in and sediment flux from the Mohand Range.

Datasets provided here include a summary of the location and depositional age of 33 fluvial sediments and two sandstone samples collected from the Mohand Range, 10^Be analysis results of 23 of these fluvial sediments and two bedrock samples, and 26^Al-10^Be pair analysis results of the remaining ten fluvial sediment samples (Dataset S1). Moreover, the data include the depositional age map of uplifted older foreland sediments across the western Mohand Range (Dataset 2) and the map of best-fit 10^Be concentration inherited from Himalayan paleoerosion (Dataset 3) and sediment burial in the foreland (Dataset 4). We also include a map of the best-fit 10^Be concentration produced during modern erosion of the Mohand Range (Dataset 5) and a map of the best-fit uplift/erosion rates across the western Mohand Range (Dataset 6).

For more information (e.g., sampling method, analytical procedure, and data processing), please refer to the main article (Mandal et al., 2023).

File description:

Dataset S1 (Dataset_S1.pdf): 10^Be and 26^Al sample location and analysis results of fluvial sediment and bedrock samples from the Mohand Range in the northwestern Himalaya.

Dataset S2 (Depositional_age.tif): Map of depositional ages (Ma) of uplifted older foreland deposits in the western Mohand Range.

Dataset S3 (Paleo10Be.tif): Map of best-fit 10^Be concentration (at gqtz-1) inherited from Himalayan paleoerosion.

Dataset S4 (Burial10Be.tif): Map of best-fit 10^Be (at g_qtz^-1) concentration inherited from sediment burial in the foreland.

Dataset S5 (Recent10Be.tif): Map of best-fit 10^Be concentration (at g_qtz^-1) acquired during modern erosion of the Mohand Range.

Dataset S6 (Erosion_rate.tif): Map of best-fit uplift/erosion rates (mm yr-1) across the western Mohand Range.