Physical data (temperature, salinity, pressure, oxygen and velocity) of a cruise in the Mediterranran Sea with the German research vessel Maria S. Merian, cruise MSM72 from March 02 to April 03, 2018. The cruise started in Iraklion, Greece and ended in Cadiz, Spain. One of the main goals of the cruise was to contribute to the understanding of long-term changes and trends in physical parameters, in order to evaluate the hydrographical situation after the major climatological shifts in the eastern and western part of the basin, known as the Eastern and Western Mediterranean Transients.