Spitzer follow up of 95 brown dwarfs

DOI

We present Spitzer follow-up imaging of 95 candidate extremely cold brown dwarfs discovered by the Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 citizen science project, which uses visually perceived motion in multiepoch Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) images to identify previously unrecognized substellar neighbors to the Sun. We measure Spitzer [3.6]-[4.5] color to phototype our brown dwarf candidates, with an emphasis on pinpointing the coldest and closest Y dwarfs within our sample. The combination of WISE and Spitzer astrometry provides quantitative confirmation of the transverse motion of 75 of our discoveries. Nine of our motion-confirmed objects have best-fit linear motions larger than 1"/yr; our fastest-moving discovery is WISEAJ155349.96+693355.2 ({mu}~2.15/yr), a possible T-type subdwarf. We also report a newly discovered wide-separation (~400au) T8 comoving companion to the white dwarf LSPMJ0055+5948 (the fourth such system to be found), plus a candidate late T companion to the white dwarf LSRJ0002+6357 at 5.5 projected separation (~8700au if associated). Among our motion-confirmed targets, five have Spitzer colors most consistent with spectral type Y. Four of these five have exceptionally red Spitzer colors suggesting types of Y1 or later, adding considerably to the small sample of known objects in this especially valuable low-temperature regime. Our Y dwarf candidates begin bridging the gap between the bulk of the Y dwarf population and the coldest known brown dwarf.

Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/899/123/table5 (Spitzer ch2 coordinates used in linear motion fits)

Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/899/123/table6 (Linear motion fit results combining WISE and spitzer astrometry)

Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/899/123/table4 (Recalibrated WISE W2 positions)

Identifier
DOI http://doi.org/10.26093/cds/vizier.18990123
Source https://dc.g-vo.org/rr/q/lp/custom/CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/899/123
Related Identifier https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/899/123
Related Identifier http://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/899/123
Metadata Access http://dc.g-vo.org/rr/q/pmh/pubreg.xml?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_b2find&identifier=ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/899/123
Provenance
Creator Meisner A.M.; Faherty J.K.; Kirkpatrick J.D.; Schneider A.C.; Caselden D.,Gagne J.; Kuchner M.J.; Burgasser A.J.; Casewell S.L.; Debes J.H.,Artigau E.; Bardalez Gagliuffi D.C.; Logsdon S.E.; Kiman R.; Allers K.,Hsu C.-C.; Wisniewski J.P.; Allen M.B.; Beaulieu P.; Colin G.; DurantiniLuca H.A.; Goodman S.; Gramaize L.; Hamlet L.K.; Hinckley K.; Kiwy F.,Martin D.W.; Pendrill W.; Rothermich A.; Sainio A.; Schumann J.,Andersen N.S.; Tanner C.; Thakur V.; Thevenot M.; Walla J.; Wedracki Z.,Aganze C.; Gerasimov R.; Theissen C.
Publisher CDS
Publication Year 2021
Rights https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.html
OpenAccess true
Contact CDS support team <cds-question(at)unistra.fr>
Representation
Resource Type Dataset; AstroObjects
Discipline Astrophysics and Astronomy; Galactic and extragalactic Astronomy; Interdisciplinary Astronomy; Natural Sciences; Observational Astronomy; Physics; Stellar Astronomy