Estimates of Last Glacial Maximum annual mean seawater temperatures at 50 m depth. The temperature estimates are derived using the Modern Analogue Technique using the ForCenS synthesis (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.873570; https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2017.109) and World Ocean Atlas 1998 temperature (http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/oc5/woa98.html) for calibration. Dissimilarity to the core top data was calculated using the square-chord distance and the temperatures are the weighted averages of the 10 closest analogues. Estimates were averaged for sites where more than a single sample is available. The data contain a unique ID for each site, a core name, longitude and latitude, temperature in degree Celsius, the temperature anomaly with respect to the World Ocean Atlas climatology, an estimate of species turnover with respect to the nearest core top sample (Bray-Curtis dissimilarity), the number of data points and the uncertainty of the temperature estimate. This uncertainty considers spatial autocorrelation in the training set. It is reduced by the square root of n whenever multiple samples were available for a site.