Arbuscular mycorrhiza is a mutualistic symbiosis between the majority of land plants and fungi from the phylum Glomeromycota. The fungi are obligate symbionts and cannot be cultivated without their host plant. About 300 species of Glomeromycota have been described. The plant provides carbohydrates from photosynthesis whereas the fungal partner improves mineral nutrient transport. Other, more complex beneficial effects of the association involve increased pathogen resistance and improvement of soil structure. Arbuscular mycorrhiza is therefore an essential factor for plant ecosystems and has considerable potential to be used for improving crop production.

The International Bank for the Glomeromycota (IBG) was initiated in a European research network, originally it was called "Banque Européenne de Glomales (BEG)", a name which was modified later to reflect its outreach beyond Europe and changes in the nomenclature of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.

Its missions are: Provide, upon request or within the framework of research projects, high-quality germplasm of well-characterized arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Maintain reference cultures for industrial partners. Organize training courses and classes about identification and cultivation of Glomeromycota. Provide a database of informations about IBG isolates.

The core collection at INRAE Dijon currently harbors about 320 cultures of 40 isolates in 32 species. The fungi are grown continually in association with their host plants. Upon request via the collection website (www.i-beg.eu), small quantities of inoculum a maximum of three isolates are provided. Special arrangements are made for cooperation projects.