These metabarcoding data describe foliar fungal communities collected on 84 woody species planted at the Arboretum des Barres (Nogent-sur-Vernisson, France, 47.83819 N , 2.75792 E). Following fungal ITS1 amplification with ITS1F-ITS2 primers, two runs of single-end 454 sequencing were performed (Roche GS Junior). In total, 90 samples were sequenced : 88 environmental samples (i.e. leaf samples), one technical replicate corresponding to the same leaf sample (collected on Fagus sylvatica) sequenced twice, and one negative control for DNA extraction. The 88 environmental samples correspond to 84 samples collected on trees in the Arboretum des Barres and 4 samples simultaneously collected on trees in the Pierroton Iresearch station (INRAe, Cestas, France, 44.73734 N ; 0.77492 W). Bioinformatics scripts as well as raw and filtered ASV Tables are provided. Protocols and preliminary analyses are described in Quention Baillavoine's Master thesis (https://corinnevacher.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/baillavoine-quentin-rapport-de-stage-m2-fet.pdf).