This dataset corresponds to 1 of 4 datasets produced by Z. Xue, O. Loudet et al. at IJPB (INRAE Versailles-Saclay) to describe the response of 5 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions ('Genotype') to mild water and nitrogen deficiencies and their combination. Plants were grown on the Phenoscope robots at IJPB under different 'Conditions' (W+N+ = control condition; W-N+ = mild drought; W+N- = N deficiency; W-N- = combined drought and N deficiency) for 31 days after sowing (DAS) and sampled at this date. 3 to 5 rosettes from one modality were pooled to constitute one sample. Each row is a sample from one of the 2 independent biological replicates ('Experiment'). Traits estimated are nitrate content, water content (%), several elemental analysis parameters (%C, %N, abundance 'AT' and isotopic discrimination 'd' for 15N/14N and for 13C/12C) and derived traits (Total N and Total C per rosette). Corresponding phenotypic (rosette growth) raw data have been deposited in 'INRAE DataVerse' under accession number DOI:10.57745/E8XYSG. Corresponding transcriptomics raw data have been deposited in 'NCBI GEO' under accession number GSE206890. Corresponding metabolomics raw data have been deposited in 'Metabolomics Workbench' under accession number ST002201. This data is analysed in a paper published in The Plant Cell in 2024 (Xue et al.).